mk is a task runner tool commonly used for controlling the compilation process of executables from source code. It operates based on descriptions outlined in a file called Mkfile. While originally developed as part of the Plan 9 operating system, it has since been adopted by various Unix-like systems.
Here are some key features and aspects of mk:
- Task Management: mk allows developers to define tasks in a Mkfile, specifying the dependencies between tasks and the commands needed to execute each task. This makes it easier to manage complex build processes involving multiple steps.
- Dependency Resolution: One of the main strengths of mk is its ability to automatically resolve dependencies between tasks. If a task depends on the output of another task, mk will ensure that the dependent task is only executed after its dependencies have been completed successfully.
- Parallel Execution: mk is designed to take advantage of parallelism whenever possible, executing independent tasks concurrently to speed up the build process. This can significantly reduce the overall build time, especially on multi-core systems.
- Simple Syntax: The syntax of Mkfiles is straightforward and easy to understand, making it accessible to developers with varying levels of experience. Tasks are defined using a concise syntax that specifies the target, its dependencies, and the commands to execute.
- Portability: mk is designed to be portable across different Unix-like operating systems, including Linux, BSD, and macOS. This means that Mkfiles written for one system can typically be used without modification on other compatible systems, providing a consistent build environment.
- Integration with Development Workflows: mk is often integrated into development workflows as part of a larger build system. It can be used alongside other tools and utilities to automate tasks such as compiling source code, running tests, and packaging software for distribution.
- Customization: While mk provides a set of default rules and conventions for building software, it also allows developers to customize and extend its behavior as needed. Advanced users can define their own rules and macros to tailor the build process to the specific requirements of their projects.
mk Command Examples
1. Call the first target specified in the Mkfile (usually named “all”):
# mk
2. Call a specific target:
# mk [target]
3. Call a specific target, executing 4 jobs at a time in parallel:
# NPROC=4 mk [target]
4. Force mking of a target, even if source files are unchanged:
# mk -w[target] [target]
5. Assume all targets to be out of date. Thus, update target and all of its dependencies:
# mk -a [target]
6. Keep going as far as possible on error:
# mk -k
Summary
Overall, mk is a flexible and efficient tool for managing the compilation of software projects. Its dependency resolution, parallel execution, and portability make it well-suited for a wide range of build scenarios, from small personal projects to large-scale software development efforts.