Samba Server type is configured in the [global] section of the /etc/samba/smb.conf file. Below are 3 types of Samba servers used while configuring Samba. Stand-Alone Server Domain Member Server Domain Controller Stand-Alone Server A stand-alone Samba server can be a workgroup server or a member of a workgroup environment and does not participate in a Windows domain in any way. The following is an example of configuring the [global] directives in /etc/samba/smb.conf for a stand- alone … [Read more...] about What are different Samba Server Types
Archives for December 2017
How to use rndc command (command-line administration tool for named)
The rndc utility is a command-line tool to administer the named service, both locally and from a remote machine. To prevent unauthorized access to the service, rndc must be configured to listen on the selected port (port 953 by default), and an identical key must be used by both the service and the rndc utility. The rndc key is generated by using the following command: # rndc-confgen -a wrote key file "/etc/rndc.key" This command creates the /etc/rndc.key file, which contains the key. # … [Read more...] about How to use rndc command (command-line administration tool for named)
Understanding DNS zone files
What are DNS zone files Information about domains in the DNS database is stored in zone files. A zone file consists of directives and resource records. Directives tell the nameserver to perform tasks or apply special settings to the zone. Resource records define the parameters of the zone and store host information. Directives are optional, but resource records are required. Resource record fields A resource record has the following fields (some fields are optional, depending on the … [Read more...] about Understanding DNS zone files
What happens in the Background when you execute the “useradd” command under Linux
When you execute the "useradd" command to add a new user on the server, in the background, there are several files updated and created. This post lists out the exact steps carried out in the background when you execute the below command. # useradd john 1. A new line for user john is created in /etc/passwd. The new line in /etc/passwd file will look similar to the line shown below. john:x:1001:1001::/home/john:/bin/bash The new line in /etc/passwd file has the following fields: It … [Read more...] about What happens in the Background when you execute the “useradd” command under Linux
What is the purpose of .bash_profile file under User Home Directory In Linux
What is the purpose of ~/.bash_profile file Apart from having a home directory to create and store files, users need an environment that gives them access to the tools and resources. When a user logs in to a system, the user’s work environment is determined by the initialization files. These initialization files are defined by the user’s startup shell, which can vary depending on the release. The default initialization files in your home directory enable you to customize your working … [Read more...] about What is the purpose of .bash_profile file under User Home Directory In Linux
Understanding chroot Jail
As the name implies, a chroot operation changes the apparent root directory for a running process and its children. It allows you to run a program (process) with a root directory other than /. The program cannot see or access files outside the designated directory tree. For example, you can run a program and specify its root directory as /home/user/jail. In this case, the program’s root directory is actually /home/user/jail. The program would not be aware of, or able to access, any files … [Read more...] about Understanding chroot Jail
How to enable IPv6 on CentOS / RHEL 6
IPv6 is by default enabled on CentOS/RHEL 6 systems. But in case, if it was disabled for some reason, you can follow the short howto below to re-enable it. There are basically 2 ways to disable IPv6 on CentOS/RHEL 6. Disable IPv6 in kernel module (requires reboot) Disable IPv6 using sysctl settings (no reboot required) Method 1 : Using /etc/modprobe.d/ipv6.conf (requires reboot) 1. Confirm if ipv6 is used. IPV6 is not used if no lines with inet6 shows up. # ifconfig |grep … [Read more...] about How to enable IPv6 on CentOS / RHEL 6
How to Create a New /boot Partition in CentOS / RHEL
Here is a short howto on creating a new /boot partition in LVM and migrate the existing boot partition to this newly created boot partition. The procedure basically involves creating a new /boot partition and copy all the files/folders from the old /boot to new /boot partition. NOTE: You can try the below steps but need to make sure that there is free LVM space available Creating and Migrating to new /boot partition 1. Check if you have free space in LVM # lvs LV VG Attr … [Read more...] about How to Create a New /boot Partition in CentOS / RHEL
How to Enable Verbose Logging for VSFTPD
The main configuration file for VSFTPD is '/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf'. When verbose logging is enabled you need to disable the normal logging option, i.e xferlog_std_format=NO. Below are the 2 options, that come in picture while configuring the logging in vsftpd. xferlog_std_format — When enabled in conjunction with xferlog_enable, the log is written to the file specified in the xferlog_file directive (/var/log/xferlog by default) log_ftp_protocol — When enabled in conjunction with … [Read more...] about How to Enable Verbose Logging for VSFTPD
View files using – cat, more, tail, head and wc commands
There are several commands that display information about a file in the read-only format. The file-viewing commands include the following: cat more tail head wc cat Command The cat command displays the content of one or more text files on the screen without pausing. $ cat filename For Example: # cat data.txt northwest NW Joel Craig 10 western WE Sharon Kelly 40 southwest SW Chris Foster 33 central CT … [Read more...] about View files using – cat, more, tail, head and wc commands