How to Create a Physical Standby from ASM Primary

The Setup

This post offers step by step procedure to create physical standby from ASM primary.

Database Name: chicago 
Primary db_unique_name: chicago 
standby db_unique_name: boston

Primary Hostname: prim.example.com
standby Hostname: stdby.example.com

Steps

1. Enable Force Logging:

SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING; 

Database altered.

2. On the primary node, create a staging directory. For example:

[oracle@prim ~]$ mkdir –p /home/oracle/stage

3. Create the same exact path on the standby host:

[oracle@stdby ~]$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/stage

4. On the primary node, connect to the primary database and create a PFILE from the SPFILE in the staging directory. For example:

sql> create pfile='/home/oracle/stage/boston.ora' from spfile;

5. On the primary node, perform an RMAN backup of the primary database that places the backup pieces into the staging directory. For example:

RMAN> run{ 
2> backup device type disk format '/home/oracle/stage/%U' database; 
3> backup device type disk format '/home/oracle/stage/%U' current controlfile for standby; 
4> }

Starting backup at 24-FEB-09 
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog 
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=30 devtype=DISK 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset 
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset 
input datafile fno=00001 name=+DATA/chicago/datafile/system.271.679675991 
input datafile fno=00003 name=+DATA/chicago/datafile/sysaux.273.679676023 
input datafile fno=00002 name=+DATA/chicago/datafile/undo1.272.679676015 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 24-FEB-09 
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 24-FEB-09 
piece handle=/home/oracle/stage/01k8650r_1_1 tag=TAG20090224T154323 comment=NONE 
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset 
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset 
including current control file in backupset 
including current SPFILE in backupset 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 24-FEB-09 
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 24-FEB-09 
piece handle=/home/oracle/stage/02k8651v_1_1 tag=TAG20090224T154323 comment=NONE 
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 
Finished backup at 24-FEB-09 

Starting backup at 24-FEB-09 
using channel ORA_DISK_1 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset 
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset 
including standby control file in backupset 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 24-FEB-09 
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 24-FEB-09 
piece handle=/home/oracle/stage/03k86525_1_1 tag=TAG20090224T154405 comment=NONE 
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 
Finished backup at 24-FEB-09 

RMAN>

6. Copy the contents of the staging directory from primary to standby’s staging location. For example

[oracle@prim stage]$ scp /home/oracle/stage/* oracle@stdby.example.com:/home/oracle/stage/ 
oracle@stdby.example.com's password: 
01k8650r_1_1 100% 236MB 10.7MB/s 00:22 
02k8651v_1_1 100% 6016KB 5.9MB/s 00:00 
03k86525_1_1 100% 5984KB 5.8MB/s 00:01 
boston.ora 100% 458 0.5KB/s 00:00 
[oracle@raca prim]$

7. Prepare the initialization file for standby instance:

[oracle@stdby ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata 
[oracle@stdby ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata 
[oracle@stdby oradata]$ mkdir redo data ctrl bdump udump srl arc1 
[oracle@stdby oradata]$

Set the below parameters in init.ora of standby,

*.db_name='chicago'
*.db_create_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/'
*.db_create_online_log_dest_1='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/redo/'
*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/chicago/datafile/','/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/','+DATA/chicago/tempfile/','/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/'
*.log_file_name_convert='+DATA/chicago/onlinelog/','/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/redo/'
*.db_unique_name=boston

NOTE: For RAC primary to non RAC standby, include below line in the standby init.ora,
cluster_database=false

8. Create password file for standby database:

[oracle@stdby boston]$ export ORACLE_SID=boston 
[oracle@stdby dbs]$orapwd file=orapwboston password=oracle

[oracle@stdby dbs]$ ls -ltr *boston* 
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Mar 3 15:55 orapwboston

9. Compose a tnsnames or connect string at standby server:

chicago = 
(DESCRIPTION = 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =prim.example.com )(PORT = 1521)) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVICE_NAME = chicago) 
) 
) 

boston = 
(DESCRIPTION = 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =stdby.example.com )(PORT = 1521)) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVICE_NAME = boston) 
) 
)

Note: chicago will connect to primary while boston connects to standby itself.

10. Create standby database

[oracle@stdby boston]$ sqlplus / as sysdba 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Mar 3 16:55:19 2009 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. 

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/initboston.ora'; 

File created.

SQL> startup nomount 
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 327155712 bytes 
Fixed Size 1218844 bytes 
Variable Size 150996708 bytes 
Database Buffers 104857600 bytes 
Redo Buffers 70082560 bytes 
SQL> exit 
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production 
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

[oracle@stdby boston]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/bin/rman target sys/oracle@chicago auxiliary / 

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Mar 3 16:56:09 2009 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. 

connected to target database: CHICAGO (DBID=1289394690) 
connected to auxiliary database: CHICAGO (not mounted) 

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby; 

Starting Duplicate Db at 03-MAR-09 
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog 
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=36 devtype=DISK 

contents of Memory Script: 
{ 
restore clone standby controlfile; 
sql clone 'alter database mount standby database'; 
} 
executing Memory Script 

Starting restore at 03-MAR-09 
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore 
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file 
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/stage/03k86525_1_1 
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 
piece handle=/home/oracle/stage/03k86525_1_1 tag=TAG20090224T154405 
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/ctrl/ctrl01.ctl 
Finished restore at 03-MAR-09 

sql statement: alter database mount standby database 
released channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 

contents of Memory Script: 
{ 
set newname for tempfile 1 to 
"/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/tmp1.274.679676043"; 
switch clone tempfile all; 
set newname for datafile 1 to 
"/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/system.271.679675991"; 
set newname for datafile 2 to 
"/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/undo1.272.679676015"; 
set newname for datafile 3 to 
"/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/sysaux.273.679676023"; 
restore 
check readonly 
clone database 
; 
} 
executing Memory Script 

executing command: SET NEWNAME 

renamed temporary file 1 to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/tmp1.274.679676043 in control file 

executing command: SET NEWNAME 

executing command: SET NEWNAME 

executing command: SET NEWNAME 

Starting restore at 03-MAR-09 
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=36 devtype=DISK 

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore 
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set 
restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/system.271.679675991 
restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/undo1.272.679676015 
restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/sysaux.273.679676023 
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/stage/01k8650r_1_1 
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 
piece handle=/home/oracle/stage/01k8650r_1_1 tag=TAG20090224T154323 
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25 
Finished restore at 03-MAR-09 

contents of Memory Script: 
{ 
switch clone datafile all; 
} 
executing Memory Script 

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy 
input datafile copy recid=4 stamp=680547428 filename=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/system.271.679675991 
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy 
input datafile copy recid=5 stamp=680547428 filename=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/undo1.272.679676015 
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy 
input datafile copy recid=6 stamp=680547428 filename=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/sysaux.273.679676023 
Finished Duplicate Db at 03-MAR-09 

RMAN>

11 Add standby redo logs to standby database

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 3 '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/srl/srl3a.log' size 150m; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/srl/srl4a.log' size 150m; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/srl/srl5a.log' size 150m; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect; 

Database altered.

12. Establish the communication to primary from standby:

SQL> select name,database_role from v$database; 

NAME DATABASE_ROLE 
--------- ---------------- 
CHICAGO PHYSICAL STANDBY

SQL> alter system set standby_archive_dest='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/arc1/'; 

System altered. 

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/arc1/ valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=boston'; 


SQL> alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(chicago,boston)'; 

System altered. 

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=chicago lgwr async noaffirm valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=chicago'; 

System altered. 

SQL> alter system set fal_client=boston; 

System altered. 

SQL> alter system set fal_server=chicago; 

System altered. 

SQL> alter system set standby_file_management=auto; 

System altered.

13. Compose tnsnames or connect strings at Primary server

chicago = 
(DESCRIPTION = 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =prim.example.com )(PORT = 1521)) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVICE_NAME = chicago) 
) 
) 

boston = 
(DESCRIPTION = 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =stdby.example.com )(PORT = 1521)) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVICE_NAME = boston) 
) 
)

Note: Boston will connect to standby while chicago connects to primary itself.

From 11g we can use RMAN>DUPLICATE FROM ..ACTIVE DATABASE,

DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE  
FOR STANDBY
FROM ACTIVE DATABASE
SPFILE
   PARAMETER_VALUE_CONVERT '', ''
   SET DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT '', ''
   SET LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT '', ''
   SET SGA_MAX_SIZE 200M
   SET SGA_TARGET 125M;

14. Establish the communication to standby from primary

SQL> alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(chicago,boston)'; 

System altered. 

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=boston lgwr async noaffirm valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=boston'; 

System altered. 

SQL> alter system set fal_client=chicago; 

System altered. 

SQL> alter system set fal_server=boston; 

System altered. 

SQL> select name,database_role from v$database; 

NAME DATABASE_ROLE 
--------- ---------------- 
CHICAGO PRIMARY

15. Set role transition specific parameters for current primary:

SQL> alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/','+DATA/chicago/datafile/','/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/data/','+DATA/chicago/tempfile/' scope=spfile; 

System altered. 

SQL> alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/oradata/boston/redo/','+DATA/chicago/onlinelog/' scope=spfile; 

System altered. 

SQL> alter system set standby_file_management=auto; 

System altered.

16. Configure a Standby Redo Log,

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 3 size 150m; 

Database altered. 

SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 4 size 150m 

Database altered. 

SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 5 size 150m 

Database altered.

NOTE: To check the number of SRL:

(maximum number of logfiles for each thread + 1) * maximum number of threads

For example, if the primary database has 3 log files for each thread and 2 threads, then 8 standby redo log file groups are needed on the standby database. Verify the standby redo log file groups were created.

The Setup

Steps

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